Which English monarch was ruling during the Spanish Armada?

The English monarch ruling during the Spanish Armada was Elizabeth I. She reigned from 1558 to 1603 and is well-known for her role in confronting the Spanish fleet in 1588, which was one of the most significant military challenges faced by England at that time.

Elizabeth's leadership during this crisis was pivotal, as it not only defended England from invasion but also solidified her position as a powerful and effective monarch in the eyes of her people. The defeat of the Armada was celebrated as a great victory and played a crucial role in the rise of England as a dominant naval power. This period is often viewed as a golden age in English history, marking the beginning of England's expansion and influence globally.

The other monarchs listed were not ruling during the time of the Spanish Armada: Henry VIII reigned prior to Elizabeth I, James I succeeded her, and Mary I ruled just before Elizabeth I. Therefore, Elizabeth I is the correct answer as her reign directly correlates with the events of the Spanish Armada.